The Serie A powerhouse have named previous Italian national team manager Spalletti to lead the team for the rest of the term.
The 66-year-old takes over from the Croatian manager, who was sacked after the Serie A side's defeat by Lazio last weekend.
Tudor arrived at the club in March to replace Thiago Motta but departed after seven months after an eight-game winless streak.
Spalletti guided Napoli to the Serie A crown in 2022-23 prior to assuming the Italy role, after the team's failure to reach the 2022 World Cup under former boss Roberto Mancini.
Under his guidance, they made it to Euro 2024 but were eliminated in the round of 16 by Switzerland.
However, Spalletti was sacked by Italy in June after a World Cup qualifying defeat by Norway, putting Italy in danger of missing a third straight World Cup.
He has previously coached Inter Milan, Roma, and Udinese in Italy's top flight and secured two Russian Premier League titles with Zenit St Petersburg.
Massimo Brambilla served as interim manager for Juventus in the midweek 3-1 triumph over Udinese moving them to seventh position in the league - six points behind leaders Napoli after nine games.
Their Champions League campaign sees them in 25th place in the group stage, having lost once and drawn twice in their opening three matches.
